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Resumen
Las principales proteínas del citoesqueleto, actina, tubulina y vimentina, sufren modificaciones de expresión y distribución durante el crecimiento del tejido adiposo y la traslocación de GLUT4 estimulada por insulina a la membrana plasmática. La existencia de un nuevo componente del citoesqueleto, las septinas, se ha propuesto recientemente en varios tejidos de mamíferos. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar septina 11 (SEPT11) en tejido adiposo humano en estados de obesidad e insulino resistencia. Se utilizaron muestras pareadas de tejido adiposo subcutáneo y omental de 54 pacientes. Los adipocitos fueron las células responsables del cambio de expresión global de SEPT11 en el tejido adiposo humano, la cuál mostro una distribución y asociacion com las Caveolas. Se encontró una relación directa de SEPT11 con caveolina-1 en adipócitos, su distribución durante la adipogénesis fue variable, desde filamentos hasta conformar anillos. SEPT11 fue regulada por factores lipogénicos (ie., insulina), lipolíticos (ie., isoproterenol) y proinflamatorio (ie., TNF-α y lipopolisacárido) en adipocitos humanos. En consecuencia, SEPT11 se incrementó en estados de obesidad, además, la expresión se relaciono com la hipertrofia adipocitaria en el tejido omental y con marcadores de resistencia a insulina en tejido subcutáneo.Todo ésto indica que SEPT11 es una nueva proteína del citoesqueleto en adipocitos humanos fuertemente influenciada por la obesidad. Estos resultados amplían nuestra comprensión de la remodelación del citoesqueleto durante el inicio de la obesidad y la resistencia a la insulina.
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